Basic Well Logging and Formation Evaluation

Kuvaus

The textbook is addressed to students of applied geosciences and petroleum engineering.

Subject are the fundamental techniques of well logging/borehole geophysics and the interpretation of measured data (formation evaluation). Examples with an exercise part (sandstone reservoir, shaly sand interpretation, complex mineralogy of a carbonate reservoir) help to understand the different methods and algorithms.

The user will learn

• reservoir properties (porosity, saturation, fluids, permeability, capillary pressure),
• the physical background of well logging methods and the response with respect to reservoir characterization (physical principle, primary information from logs),
• rules for optimal log combinations, basic equations and models, fundamental techniques of log interpretation.

Sisältö

1. Introduction
   1. History, present and future of a science and technology
   2. Fundamental problems and the way we go
2. Reservoir Rocks, Reservoir Properties
   1. Reservoir rock types
   2. Porosity
   3. Fluids in the pore space: Saturation and bulk volume fluid
   4. Permeability
   5. Core analysis
   6. Summary
3. Well Logging – Overview
   1. Introduction
   2. Principle of log measurement
   3. Logging methods – Classification
   4. The tool (probe) and the environment of measurement
4. Well Logging – The Methods
   1. Borehole geometry
   2. Electrical and electromagnetic logs
   3. Nuclear logs
   4. Acousticlog, Sonic log
   5. NMR measurements
   6. Imaging Techniques
5. Log Interpretation – Introduction
   1. Overview
   2. Quick-Look methods
   3. Quantitative Interpretation: Shale Content
   4. Quantitative Interpretation: Porosity from a single log
   5. Porosity and Mineral Composition – Multiple Porosity Methods
   6. Water Saturation from logs
6. Some Applications in Water Exploration
   1. Water well in an unconsolidated formation
   2. Mineral water well in a fractured carbonate formation
7. Examples and Exercises
   1. Oil-bearing Sandstone
   2. Shaly sand profile
   3. Mixed lithology Carbonate rock
8. Appendix
   1. Physical properties of rock-forming minerals
   2. Some conversions
9. Recommended books and sources
10. References
11. Index
12. Endnotes